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Jackfruit is a tropical fruit tree that belongs to the Moraceae family. It is subject to diseases of jackfruit that can affect its development, productivity, and overall health. Here’s a rundown of some common diseases, their symptoms, and care for jackfruit crops:

Diseases of Jackfruit

1. Die Back

Causal Organism: Fungus; Botryodiplodia theobromae

Symptoms:

• Bark discolouration and darkening from the tip downwards.
• It progresses, and young green twigs begin to wither from the base towards the veins of leaf edges.
• The borders of infected leaves slide upwards, turning brown.

Management:

• Pruning of infected twigs followed by spraying of carbendazim 0.1% or thiophonate methyl 0.2 % or chlorothalonil 0.2% is recommended.

2. Soft Rot or Fruit Rot

Causal Organism: Fungus; Rhizopus artocarpi

Symptoms:

• The fungus attacks the young fruits heavily, and only a tiny fraction of the fruits reach maturity female inflorescence & matured fruits are not normally harmed.
• Because the disease is a soft rot, many of the infected fruits break off prematurely.
• The fungus initially appears as a greyish growth with many mycelia, which gradually grows dense and forms a black growth.

Management:

• Young fruits are sprayed with capton 0.2%, Bordeaux combination 1.0%, or copper oxychloride.025%.
• A three-week hiatus during the months of January, February, and March is useful in controlling the disease.

3. Phytophthora Rot

Causal Organism: Fungus; Phytophthora palmivora

Symptoms:

• Infection occurs via entire or injured skin in rough-skinned varieties and by wounds in smooth-skinned varieties.
• Water-socked lesions appear 48-78 hours after immunisation. They grow to create light brown spots with sporulating hyphae around the fruit’s border, causing soft rot.
• The damage to the bark of crown roots and/or trunk bark is known as Phytophthora gummosis collar rot or foot rot.

Management:

• Young fruits are sprayed with capton 0.2%, Bordeaux combination 1.0%, or copper oxychloride.025%.
• A three-week hiatus during the months of January, February, and March is useful in controlling the disease.

4. Pink Disease

Causal Organism: Fungus; Botryobasidium salmonicolor & Corticium Salmonicolor

Symptoms:

• The disease appears on the stem as a pinkish powdery coating.
• Pink tint represents abundant fungus conidial production.
• The damaged tree’s young wooden branches lose their leaves and die back. Pink encrustation and die-back can be seen on the bottom darkened side.

Management:

• Pruning should be done on the damaged branches, and the cut ends should be pasted with Bordeaux paste or Copper Oxychloride.

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