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About Insecticides

An insecticide is a pesticide that kills insects. In agriculture, insecticides are used to protect crops from insect pests such as beetles, bugs, caterpillars, flies, moths, and mosquitoes. Insecticides have a specific chemical name but it’s available in market with their trade name.

Classification of Insecticides

Insecticides can be classified into several categories based on their chemical composition, mode of action, or target insect species. Here are some common classifications of insecticides:

Organochlorines: Chlorinated hydrocarbons are used to make these pesticides. They were once widely utilised but are now mostly banned or limited due to their persistence in the environment and potential for bioaccumulation. DDT, dieldrin, heptachlor and chlordane.

Organophosphate: This class of insecticides contains phosphoric acid-derived chemicals. They function by blocking the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is required for appropriate nerve function in insects. examples Parathion, Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dichlorvos, Phosmet, Fenitrothion, and Tetrachlorvinphos.

Carbamates: Carbamate insecticides, like organophosphates, target the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. They do, however, have a different chemical structure. Examples include Aldicarb, carbaryl, propoxur, oxamyl and terbucarb.

Pyrethroid: Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides that are chemically related to pyrethrins, which are found naturally in chrysanthemum flowers. They have an effect on the neurological system of insects, causing paralysis and death. Common pyrethroids include allethrin, resmethrin, permethrin, cyfluthrin or esfenvalerate.

Neonicotinoids: Neonicotinoids are a novel family of insecticides that target insects’ central nervous systems. They are systemic insecticides, which means they are absorbed by plants and can travel through plant tissues. Examples are Imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, and clothianidin.

Biopesticides: Biopesticides are natural compounds originating from plants, bacteria, fungi, or minerals. They include microbial insecticides canola oil and baking soda.

Insect growth regulators (IGRs): Insect growth and development are typically disrupted by IGRs, which interfere with hormone control. They can prevent moulting or the growth of adult insects. Tebufenozide, methoxyfenozide, halofenozide, and chromafenozide are examples of IGRs.

Trade name of Insecticides

List of Insecticides with their trade name in India is mentioned below:

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